川西彭州地区雷口坡组潮坪相薄储层辨识机理研究

川西彭州地区三叠系雷口坡组雷四上亚段潮坪相薄储层识别难度极大。围绕如何从复合地震强反射中区分并识别上、下两套储层面临的地球物理难题,采用先“分”后“合”的研究思路,基于实际地层结构及不同储层叠加样式建立正演模型,利用全波场波动方程正演模拟技术,剖析了不同主频条件下薄储层的地震响应特征,通过波形差异化分析,从复合地震响应中“剥离”出了两套储层所引起的地震响应特征及变化规律,明确了两套储层在不同频带下的地震识别标志和识别方法,为该区强反射界面干扰下两套薄互层储层辨识机理分析及精准预测奠定了基础。基于不同频带下薄储层辨识机理的分析结果,定性预测了薄储层平面展布,提出了深层潮坪相薄储层识别和预测难题的解决方案,为该区地震资料品质评价、面向薄储层的地震采集技术设计、地震资料处理及薄储层预测提供了依据和指导。     

Theoretical and experimental study on three-layered polymeric balloon catheter processing

Multilayered polymeric balloon catheters, one of the most important components during interventional treatment, are drawing more attention recently due to the microscale cross section, excellent mechanical properties, and high accuracy. During multilayered polymeric balloon catheter processing, many operating conditions can affect the size and shape of cross sections. In this study, polymer melt flow behavior inside extrusion die is theoretically analyzed first. Then, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and polypropylene (PP) are selected as the build materials to produce the middle and inner layers of three-layered polymeric balloon catheters, while polyamide (PA) and thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) are used to make the outer layer of two types of catheters, respectively. Based on the material selection, a three-layered coaxial die is designed and manufactured to coextrude three different polymer melts to form corresponding catheters. In addition, the effects of operating conditions including outer layer materials, pulling speed, gas flow rate, and screw rotation speeds on the diameters and wall thicknesses as well as the concentricity and ovality of the extrudates are investigated. Finally, the PA-EVA-PP and TPE-EVA-PP three-layered catheters are successfully fabricated, which have well-defined geometries and high shape accuracy.     

榨汁机的结构设计和分析

随着经济的不断发展,国民也越来越注重食品的品质和安全。目前中小食品企业在国内得到越来越多的关注和重视。榨汁机被广泛应用在食品行业,发挥着巨大的作用。汁液获取的三种方法包括机械榨取、理化获取、酶法提取。理化和酶法在使用过程中因会产生物理化学反应,导致其他副作用从而在使用上有极大局限性,机械榨汁由于其无副作用而被企业广泛应用在蔬菜、水果上。基于此,研究了螺旋式连续榨汁机,其核心思想是以压缩体积为基础的一种机械榨取机。首先介绍了榨汁机的设计思路;其次介绍了工作原理;最后展示了榨汁机的机械组成。与传统的榨汁机相比,该方法设计的榨汁机是通过变螺距变径螺杆,从而充分地挤出新鲜果汁,具有十分重要的实际研究意义。     

冷挤压对高合金化7000系铝合金抗腐蚀性能的影响

研究了经固溶-时效和固溶-冷挤压-时效处理的高合金化Al-12.3Zn-3Mg-2.5Cu-0.18Zr-0.07Sr铝合金的微观组织与抗腐蚀性能。结果表明:固溶-时效和固溶-冷挤压-时效状态下高合金化铝合金的晶粒都呈现明显的带状分布,但固溶-冷挤压-时效状态下合金内部亚晶比例明显上升;相比固溶-时效,固溶-冷挤压-时效状态下高合金化铝合金的抗腐蚀性能(剥落腐蚀和晶间腐蚀)有明显的提高,可见冷挤压变形是提高7000系铝合金腐蚀性能的有效手段。     

Evaluation of standing‐sitting support system with passive rotational seat mechanism in standing motion

Since a decrease in muscle mass of elderly people, the physical burden of them in standing‐sitting motion of a seat are increasing than young people. For this problem, several standing‐sitting support systems have been developed, and evaluations of these systems focusing on a reduction of physical load have been discussed. However, these evaluations are of support systems with an active actuators or of support systems when they use a handrail and a standing aid. Thus, an evaluation of a support system with only passive actuators has not been reported. In this paper, in standing motion with using a standing‐sitting support system with passive rotational seat mechanism which our group proposes, we objectively evaluate an effectiveness of the passive rotational seat mechanism by statistical analysis.     

半轴套管多工位挤压自动化生产线中冲连皮缺陷产生机理及参数优化

针对半轴套管多工位热挤压自动化生产线工艺调试过程中,正挤压工序冲连皮时,管端易出现连皮粘连缺陷的问题,探讨了有可能造成连皮粘连的原因。通过对工艺流程和现场情况进行综合分析,提出了圆柱形坯料周向温度加热不均是关键的影响因素。采用Deform有限元分析软件,模拟了不同加热温差条件下,反挤压和冲连皮时材料变形及材料剪断过程。通过对模拟结果的分析,揭示了连皮粘连机理,并可知,当坯料周向加热温差小于30℃时,连皮可顺利冲下。根据模拟得出的合理温差,进行现场试验,实际情况与模拟结果具有较高的一致性,生产出的产品锻件切口平齐、连皮撕裂带分布均匀,有效地解决了连皮粘连的问题。     

Effect of processing conditions on wood and glass fiber length attrition during twin screw composite compounding

In this study, we compare the effect of twin-screw extrusion processing on the attrition of wood fibers (WFs) with glass fiber. The effects of process variables and screw design on fiber length were investigated by performing a range of dead-stop experiments where the extruder was stopped, opened-up, and compound removed from the screw elements. Fibers, chemically extracted from the polypropylene matrix, were analyzed for length and width using a commercial fiber analyzer. It was found that WF length attrition and composite properties were less affected by screw design and twin-screw processing conditions (feed rate and screw speed) than glass fiber. Length weighted fiber length and X50 length (a measure used in particle size analysis) were equally correlated with process conditions and composite performance for both fiber types. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48551.     

Stretchable poly(glycerol-sebacate)/β-tricalcium phosphate composites with shape recovery feature by extrusion

There has been a great interest in research towards elastomers and their composites with an attempt to obtain the desired biological and mechanical response to scaffold materials in bone tissue engineering. Composites made of ceramic-thermoplastic mixtures have been shown success to deliver the inorganic component while fail to provide replacement of an elastic protein, that is, collagen, of the target bone tissue. Thus, in order to match up with the inherent elasticity of the native tissue, it is proposed an alternative to well-known thermoplastic-containing matrices by using a poly(glycerol-sebacate) (PGS)–beta-tricalcium phosphate elastomeric composite to offer flexibility and mechanical integrity. This study reports for the first time a successful extrusion of PGS containing biodegradable composites with shape-memory feature. The resulting structures are physically and chemically characterized. In vitro cell culture performance of the obtained materials is investigated by using an MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblast cell line. The materials obtained in this study can be shaped into the desired size and various forms via temperature stimuli. Resulting materials have been proposed for craniofacial tissue engineering as a bone filler in which surgeons need to shape biomaterials during the surgical procedure due to the complex geometry of the bones. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137, 48689.     

Extruded meat alternatives made from Maillard-reacted beef bone hydrolysate and plant proteins: part I – Effect of moisture content

This study investigated the effects of moisture content (MC) on the physicochemical properties of extruded meat alternatives made from Maillard-reacted beef bone hydrolysate and plant proteins. Samples were extruded at 170 °C (maximum barrel temperature), at 3.6 kg h⁻¹ (liquid feed rate) and at 1.8, 2.2, 2.6 and 3.0 kg h⁻¹ (dry feed rates) to obtain MC of 60%MC, 56%MC, 52%MC and 49%MC, respectively. Meat alternatives at 52%MC showed the greatest degree of texturisation. However, meat alternatives at 49%MC were the closest in terms of both textural and microstructural properties to reference sample, boiled chicken breast. Results from protein solubility suggested that a large amount of aggregated proteins were associated with hydrogen bonds, while disulphide bonds were the main contributor in the formation of fibrous structure in meat alternatives. Results showed that the change in MC as process parameter played an important role in the formation of fibrous structure in extruded meat alternatives.     

热挤压成形GH3625合金管材组织及裂纹形成机理

通过对比热挤压成形管材和爆裂管材的组织以及对爆裂管材裂纹和断口的分析,研究了热挤压成形GH3625合金管材的组织及裂纹形成机理。结果表明:爆裂管材与成形管材的组织均为等轴晶,但爆裂管材的开裂使晶界处的应力集中得以释放,其组织中并没有形成变形孪晶,在管材径向方向上也不存在晶粒尺寸不均匀的现象。挤压比过高导致管材在热挤压过程中绝热升温严重,使低熔点的Laves相熔化并扩散到周围基体中,是裂纹形成的根本原因。在模具出口处高拉应力的作用下,这些裂纹不断扩展最终连接在一起,导致管材的爆裂现象。由于断口表面冷却速率较高,组织通过奥氏体区的时间较短,再结晶形核核心多且晶粒长大过程受阻,使断口表面形成了一层十分细小的再结晶晶粒。